See boustrophedon on Wiktionary
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"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
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},
{
"form": "der boustrophedonen",
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"definite",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"singular",
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},
{
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{
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"definite",
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"weak"
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},
{
"form": "den boustrophedonen",
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"includes-article",
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},
{
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"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"singular",
"weak"
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},
{
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"definite",
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"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
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"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
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},
{
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"tags": [
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"nominative",
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},
{
"form": "boustrophedonen",
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"tags": [
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},
{
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"indefinite",
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"negative",
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"plural"
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},
{
"form": "eines boustrophedonen",
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},
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"form": "einer boustrophedonen",
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},
{
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{
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]
},
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},
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{
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{
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},
{
"form": "boustrophedonen",
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"tags": [
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},
{
"form": "keine boustrophedonen",
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],
"id": "en-boustrophedon-de-adj-JP0es2Y8",
"links": [
[
"bustrophedon",
"bustrophedon#German"
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[
"boustrophedon",
"boustrophedon"
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],
"tags": [
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],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ancient Greek βουστροφηδόν (boustrophēdón, literally “turning like an ox”), from βοῦς (boûs, “ox”) + στροφή (strophḗ, “turning”) + -ηδόν (-ēdón, adverbial suffix).",
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"links": [
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}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ancient Greek βουστροφηδόν (boustrophēdón, literally “turning like an ox”), from βοῦς (boûs, “ox”) + στροφή (strophḗ, “turning”) + -ηδόν (-ēdón, adverbial suffix).",
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{
"glosses": [
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"not-comparable"
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}
],
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],
"word": "boustrophedon"
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{
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"word": "boustrophedic"
},
{
"word": "boustrophedonic"
},
{
"word": "boustrophedonically"
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{
"word": "reverse boustrophedon"
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],
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"ref": "1980, Leslie Threatte, The Grammar of Attic Inscriptions: Phonology, page 55:",
"text": "The number of Attic boustrophedon texts is fairly small; most of those just cited have been brought down by the experts to a date close to 550 B.C., a date to which several texts of more than one line inscribed left to right may also be assigned (cf. pp.56—57 infra), besides the four-line retrograde sep. mon. of Pediarchus cited in the previous section (cf. p.52 supra). Stone texts only really become numerous in Attica about 550, and by this time it is clear that left-to-right writing is just as common as boustrophedon, and may have been so even earlier.[…]After 540 boustrophedon was certainly unusual.",
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},
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"ref": "2000, Richard Sproat, A Computational Theory of Writing Systems, page 61:",
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},
{
"ref": "2002, Elmer H. Antonsen, Runes and Germanic Linguistics, page 132:",
"text": "He draws a sharp distinction between true boustrophedon, which has the tops of the runes pointed in the same direction, but with a change in the direction of writing with each line, and false boustrophedon, which changes from upright to inverted runes with each line, but the lines themselves are each written in the same direction.",
"type": "quote"
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],
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"literature",
"media",
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"synonyms": [
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{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "buṭrufa",
"sense": "writing that is alternately right-to-left and left-to-right",
"word": "بُطْرُفَة"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "writing that is alternately right-to-left and left-to-right",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bustrofèdon"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "writing that is alternately right-to-left and left-to-right",
"word": "plugoskribado"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "writing that is alternately right-to-left and left-to-right",
"word": "tienreena skribo"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "writing that is alternately right-to-left and left-to-right",
"word": "bustrofedono"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "writing that is alternately right-to-left and left-to-right",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "boustrophédon"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sarpalekhan",
"sense": "writing that is alternately right-to-left and left-to-right",
"word": "सर्पलेखन"
},
{
"alt": "ぎゅうこうしき",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gyūkōshiki",
"sense": "writing that is alternately right-to-left and left-to-right",
"word": "牛耕式"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "writing that is alternately right-to-left and left-to-right",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bustrofedon"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "writing that is alternately right-to-left and left-to-right",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bustrofédon"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "writing that is alternately right-to-left and left-to-right",
"word": "bustrófedon"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "writing that is alternately right-to-left and left-to-right",
"word": "bustrofedon"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "writing that is alternately right-to-left and left-to-right",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "plogskrift"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "writing that is alternately right-to-left and left-to-right",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "oxplöjarskrift"
}
],
"word": "boustrophedon"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "grc",
"3": "βουστροφηδόν"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Ancient Greek βουστροφηδόν (boustrophēdón)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ancient Greek βουστροφηδόν (boustrophēdón).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "boustrophedoner",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "boustrophedon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "boustrophedon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "boustrophedon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "boustrophedon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "boustrophedoner",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "boustrophedone",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "boustrophedones",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "boustrophedone",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "boustrophedoner",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "boustrophedoner",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "boustrophedonem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "boustrophedoner",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "boustrophedonem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "boustrophedone",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "boustrophedones",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "boustrophedone",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "der boustrophedone",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die boustrophedone",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "das boustrophedone",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"includes-article",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "des boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "der boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "des boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "der boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "dem boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "der boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "dem boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "den boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "den boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die boustrophedone",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "das boustrophedone",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "ein boustrophedoner",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eine boustrophedone",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ein boustrophedones",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "keine boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eines boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "einer boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eines boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "keiner boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "einem boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "einer boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "einem boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "keinen boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "einen boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eine boustrophedone",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ein boustrophedones",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "keine boustrophedonen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "boustrophedon (strong nominative masculine singular boustrophedoner, not comparable)",
"name": "de-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bou‧stro‧phe‧don"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "de-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "boustrophedon",
"word": "bustrophedon"
}
],
"categories": [
"German adjectives",
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German terms borrowed from Ancient Greek",
"German terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"German uncomparable adjectives",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of bustrophedon; boustrophedon"
],
"links": [
[
"bustrophedon",
"bustrophedon#German"
],
[
"boustrophedon",
"boustrophedon"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[bʊstʁofeˈdɔn]"
},
{
"audio": "De-boustrophedon.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/De-boustrophedon.ogg/De-boustrophedon.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/De-boustrophedon.ogg"
}
],
"word": "boustrophedon"
}
Download raw JSONL data for boustrophedon meaning in All languages combined (21.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.